susanr Colorado
11/10/17 2:11 pm
Yes. I also know that Francis Bellamy was a minister who had been "forced from his Boston pulpit for preaching against the evils of capitalism" (Freethinkers: A History of American Secularism, Susan Jacoby, 2004), and that he believed in absolute separation of church and state.
The phrase "under God" was added to the Pledge in my lifetime - in 1954, early in the Cold War. (I was only 8, but I remember the change.) A relative of Bellamy (a niece, maybe) was quoted as saying he would have been horrified by that addition.
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